The 13 independent experts welcomed the signing of the memorandum but said the framework places primary emphasis on military withdrawal, the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, nuclear commitments, sanctions relief and a proposed $300 billion reconstruction fund.

In a joint statement, the experts said the Iranian population, which has endured both wartime destruction and domestic repression, remains largely absent from the agreement’s provisions.

The warning comes after months of conflict that caused extensive damage across Iran, with infrastructure including hospitals, schools and religious sites reportedly affected by military strikes.

The experts said the humanitarian situation had been deteriorating even before the outbreak of hostilities, citing ongoing crackdowns on anti-government dissent and challenges linked to the presence of large Afghan refugee populations.

According to the statement, Iranian authorities have intensified actions against perceived opposition since the conflict began in late February. The experts alleged that thousands of people had been detained and reported cases involving torture, enforced disappearances, mock executions and coerced confessions.

The group, which includes UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Iran Mai Sato, said at least 156 executions had been carried out since the start of the conflict.

They also expressed concern over reports that at least 42 individuals were executed on espionage-related charges, alleging that convictions relied on confessions obtained under torture. Access to legal representation for many detainees remains restricted, the experts said.

The statement further highlighted the seizure of assets belonging to approximately 1,500 Iranians and said extensive internet restrictions imposed during the conflict had disrupted businesses, limited communications and contributed to worsening economic conditions.

The experts noted that unemployment had risen sharply while inflation had reached 115 percent, adding to the economic burden faced by households.

While welcoming the proposed reconstruction fund, the group stressed that assistance should directly benefit civilians and support long-term social and economic recovery.

“A deal that serves geopolitical interests while leaving the Iranian people behind is not a peace agreement worthy of the name,” the experts said.

They argued that the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz merely restores pre-conflict conditions and should not be viewed as the sole measure of success in peace negotiations.

The experts called for provisions including a moratorium on executions of political prisoners, the release of individuals held without charge and broader protections for civil and political rights.

They also urged negotiators to ensure that the views of Iranian citizens are reflected in any final settlement intended to shape the country’s future.