Speaking after a consultative meeting of Arab and Islamic foreign ministers in Riyadh, bin Farhan accused Tehran of premeditated hostile actions against its neighbours, both directly and through regional proxies, and urged it to halt further escalation.

“This pressure from Iran will backfire politically and morally and certainly we reserve the right to take military actions if deemed necessary,” he told a news conference.

Saudi Arabia’s defence ministry said it intercepted and destroyed four ballistic missiles targeting Riyadh, with debris falling near a refinery south of the capital. Interceptors were seen launched near the venue hosting the diplomatic gathering as ministers from countries including Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Qatar and Syria convened.

The strikes marked a significant moment in the conflict, with residents in Riyadh reporting blasts and receiving warning alerts for the first time since hostilities began.

Saudi authorities say the kingdom has faced hundreds of missiles and drones since the start of the conflict, the vast majority of which have been intercepted.

The escalation follows Iran’s vow to target oil and gas infrastructure across the Gulf after what it described as an Israeli strike on its facilities in the South Pars gas field.

Attacks on Wednesday affected energy sites in Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, raising concerns over global supply disruptions.The widening conflict, now in its third week, has already driven oil prices higher and unsettled energy markets as critical infrastructure comes under repeated threat.

Saudi Arabia and Iran restored diplomatic relations in 2023 after years of rivalry that saw them support opposing factions across the region.

Bin Farhan said Riyadh still preferred diplomacy but warned that continued Iranian actions could eliminate any remaining basis for trust.

“If Iran doesn’t stop immediately, I think there will be almost nothing that can re-establish trust,” he said.

An AFP journalist reported hearing explosions followed by the sight of black smoke rising above the diplomatic complex in central Baghdad shortly after the blasts. Two security officials said the embassy compound was hit, although the precise cause remained unclear.

One security source said a drone had struck the complex, while another said a projectile believed to be a rocket had fallen within the diplomatic zone near the embassy’s air base. The U.S. embassy did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

The embassy incident occurred hours after overnight strikes targeted positions linked to Kataeb Hezbollah, a powerful militia group aligned with Iran. According to security sources, a missile struck a house used by the group at around 02:15 a.m. local time, killing what officials described as a “key figure” and wounding two other members.

Roughly two hours later, another airstrike hit a vehicle in eastern Baghdad, killing a member of the Popular Mobilization Forces, also known as Hashed al-Shaabi. A senior official within the organization told AFP the individual belonged to Kataeb Hezbollah.None of the sources identified who carried out the strikes, and the militia group has not publicly commented.

Iraq has long been an arena for rivalry between Washington and Tehran, with armed groups aligned with Iran maintaining a strong presence across the country. The situation has intensified since U.S. and Israeli strikes against Iran on Feb.

28 triggered a broader regional conflict.Several Iran-backed factions operate under an umbrella movement known as the Islamic Resistance in Iraq. The groups have claimed responsibility for repeated drone and rocket attacks targeting U.S. military facilities across the region.

Saturday’s incident marked the second reported attack on the U.S. embassy in Baghdad since the outbreak of the wider conflict.

Witnesses in the Arasat district of the capital said they heard multiple blasts followed by ambulance sirens and saw smoke rising above residential areas where several Iran-aligned groups maintain offices.

Speaking at a Pentagon briefing, Hegseth said the younger Khamenei had issued only a written statement following the attacks and had not appeared publicly in audio or video since an Israeli strike early in the war killed members of his family, including his father, former Iranian leader Ali Khamenei.

“We know the new so-called not-so-supreme leader is wounded and likely disfigured,” Hegseth said. He added that the absence of a public appearance suggested the Iranian leader was injured and in hiding, questioning his legitimacy and ability to govern.Iranian officials have acknowledged that Mojtaba Khamenei was wounded but dispute the severity of the injuries.

Iran’s ambassador to Japan, Peyman Saadat, told Asahi TV that the Iranian leader had suffered injuries during the conflict but remained capable of carrying out his duties. “He is a functioning leader,” Saadat said, adding that his condition had not impaired his ability to govern.

Hegseth and Dan Caine, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said U.S. military operations in Iran have focused on degrading Tehran’s missile and drone capabilities as well as elements of its naval forces.

The briefing came as Washington increased military pressure on Iran following nearly two weeks of strikes carried out by the United States and Israel against Iranian military infrastructure.

Officials said additional U.S. firepower was being sent to the region as the conflict widened across the Middle East.

During the briefing, Hegseth said U.S. forces would continue their campaign without easing pressure on Iran’s military.

“We will keep pressing, keep pushing, keep advancing,” Hegseth said. “No quarter, no mercy for our enemy.

”The phrase “no quarter” refers to refusing to spare an opponent who attempts to surrender, a practice prohibited under the laws of armed conflict.

Reports during the conflict have indicated Iranian drone activity in several countries across the Gulf and Middle East, including Kuwait, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Oman.

The fighting has also affected U.S. forces in the region. Six U.S. service members died in an aircraft crash in Iraq during the conflict, U.S. officials said.

Speaking to state television while marching among demonstrators supporting the Palestinian cause, Larijani said the attacks reflected fear rather than strength.

“These attacks are out of fear, out of desperation. One who is strong wouldn’t bomb demonstrations at all. It’s clear that it has failed,” Larijani said.

Larijani’s presence at the rally marked one of the highest-profile appearances by an Iranian official since a Feb. 28 strike that killed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei along with other senior officials, according to Iranian authorities.

Footage broadcast by Iranian state television showed large crowds gathering in Tehran for the annual Quds Day event, which is held each year to express support for Palestinians.

Also present at the rally was Ahmad-Reza Radan, Iran’s national police chief, according to images aired by state media.

Iranian media reported that a woman was killed after a U.S.-Israeli airstrike struck the vicinity of the demonstration on Friday.

The strike occurred near the location of the rally in the Iranian capital, although further details about the circumstances were not immediately available.

The demonstration took place amid ongoing hostilities involving Iran, Israel and the United States, with repeated air strikes and missile attacks reported across the region.

Public events such as the Quds Day march have historically been used by Iranian officials to express political positions on regional conflicts, particularly the Palestinian issue.

A Pakistani security official, speaking on condition of anonymity, confirmed that Pakistan conducted the strikes overnight but said the targets were fighters belonging to the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), a militant group Islamabad accuses of carrying out attacks inside Pakistan.

Khalil Zadran, spokesman for Kabul police, said the bombardment struck homes in the Afghan capital, leaving four people dead and 15 injured. Women and children were among the victims, he said.

The strikes occurred as hostilities between Afghanistan and Pakistan have intensified along their shared frontier, with both sides accusing each other of escalating violence.

Taliban government spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said Pakistani strikes also targeted the southern province of Kandahar Province and the eastern provinces of Paktia Province and Paktika Province, all of which lie near the border with Pakistan.

In Kandahar, air strikes hit a fuel depot used by Kam Air near the city’s airport. The company supplies fuel to civilian airlines as well as aircraft operated by the United Nations, according to Afghan officials.

Pakistan has said its operations target militant groups and insists that its military has not killed civilians during the campaign. Casualty figures reported by both sides have been difficult to verify independently.

Tensions between the two neighbours have escalated sharply since late February.According to Afghan authorities, the latest clashes follow an offensive launched by Afghanistan on Feb.

26 along the border in response to earlier Pakistani air strikes targeting the TTP.Pakistan subsequently declared what it described as “open war” against Taliban authorities and carried out strikes in Kabul on Feb. 27.

Cross-border fighting has since intensified, including artillery and mortar exchanges in eastern Afghanistan. Afghan officials said four members of the same family, including two children, were killed in recent shelling in Khost Province.

The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) said that Pakistani military operations between Feb. 26 and March 5 had killed 56 civilians in Afghanistan, including 24 children.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees said the violence has forced about 115,000 people to leave their homes.Clashes between Afghan and Pakistani forces have also disrupted trade and forced residents near the frontier to flee their communities in recent weeks.

The Iran-backed movement, which controls large parts of Yemen and possesses significant missile and drone capabilities, has previously demonstrated its ability to strike targets across the Gulf and disrupt maritime navigation around the Arabian Peninsula. Despite those capabilities, the group has not issued any formal declaration indicating it has joined the current conflict.

The Houthis, a Shi’ite political and armed movement, expanded their influence after unrest linked to the Arab Spring protests in 2011 destabilised Yemen’s political system.

Capitalising on the turmoil, the group captured the Yemeni capital Sanaa in 2014, triggering a wider conflict that drew in regional powers. In 2015, Saudi Arabia led a coalition of Arab states in a military intervention aimed at pushing the Houthis from power.

During years of fighting, the Houthis developed significant missile and drone capabilities and carried out attacks on oil facilities and infrastructure in both Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

The conflict created one of the world’s most severe humanitarian crises before the United Nations brokered a truce between the warring sides in 2022. The ceasefire has largely held since then.

The Houthis demonstrated their regional reach after the Oct. 7, 2023 attack on Israel led by the Palestinian militant group Hamas and the subsequent Israeli military campaign in Gaza.

In response, the Houthis launched attacks on international shipping in the Red Sea, saying their actions were intended to support Palestinians. They also fired drones and missiles toward Israel, prompting retaliatory air strikes on Houthi targets.

Houthi attacks on shipping subsided after a U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in October 2025.

Despite remaining outside the current conflict, the group’s leadership has signalled it is prepared to act if circumstances change.

On March 5, Houthi leader Abdul Malik al-Houthi said in a televised address that the group was ready to escalate militarily if developments warranted.“Regarding military escalation and action, our fingers are on the trigger at any moment should developments warrant it,” he said.

Unlike Iran-aligned groups such as Hezbollah in Lebanon and armed factions in Iraq, the Houthis do not follow the religious authority of Iran’s supreme leader in the same doctrinal structure.

While Iran promotes the Houthis as part of its regional “Axis of Resistance,” Yemen specialists say the movement remains primarily driven by domestic political priorities, even as it maintains political and strategic ties with Tehran and Hezbollah.

The 60-year-old visitor from London was detained on Monday night and charged alongside approximately 20 other individuals accused of sharing videos, images, or online commentary related to recent Iranian missile attacks targeting the emirate.

Authorities say the suspects circulated content that could “disturb public security,” an offense that carries a maximum prison sentence of two years under the UAE’s cybercrime laws.According to reports, the British tourist filmed missiles striking the city during the latest wave of Iranian attacks. When confronted by authorities, he reportedly deleted the footage immediately and insisted that he had no intention of violating local laws.

Despite this, prosecutors charged him with “broadcasting, publishing, republishing, or circulating rumours or provocative propaganda,” a serious offense in the UAE’s tightly regulated digital environment.The case has quickly drawn attention both in Britain and internationally, underscoring the risks faced by residents and visitors who share content related to security incidents in the Gulf state.

The UAE government has made it clear that the dissemination of unverified or sensitive information online will not be tolerated, particularly during periods of heightened tension.Officials in the Emirates have warned that anyone spreading information which could “incite panic among people” or undermine public order may face prosecution. The government argues that strict regulation of online content is necessary to maintain stability and prevent the spread of misinformation during a volatile security situation.

The arrests come at a time when Dubai, long celebrated as one of the safest and most stable cities in the Middle East, has been thrust into an unprecedented security crisis. Over the past two weeks, the emirate has become one of several Gulf targets struck by Iranian missiles and drones amid escalating regional hostilities.

Several missiles have struck buildings in Dubai, including areas near the city’s international airport and the iconic Fairmont hotel on Palm Jumeirah, a luxury landmark known worldwide for its opulence and tourism appeal. The attacks have shaken confidence in a city that has spent decades cultivating a reputation as a secure global hub for finance, trade, and tourism.

For years, Dubai has marketed itself as a tax-free sanctuary for business leaders, expatriates, and vacationers seeking stability and luxury in the Gulf region. The recent strikes, however, have punctured that carefully curated image, exposing the city to the same geopolitical risks that have long plagued other parts of the Middle East.

Across the Gulf states, Iranian strikes in the current escalation have reportedly killed at least twelve civilians. In the United Arab Emirates, every civilian casualty recorded so far has been a migrant worker, many of whom form the backbone of the country’s construction, service, and logistics sectors.The attacks have not only caused physical destruction but have also sparked an intense effort by the UAE authorities to control the narrative surrounding the crisis.

Government officials appear determined to prevent images or videos of missile impacts from spreading widely online, fearing that such footage could damage the country’s reputation as a secure destination for global investors and tourists.In response, the government has launched a sweeping crackdown on social media activity.

Authorities are monitoring platforms for posts that depict the attacks or discuss the security situation in ways officials believe could cause public alarm.Under the UAE’s cybercrime legislation, publishing or sharing information deemed harmful to national security or public order can lead to significant fines and prison sentences.

Even forwarding content created by others can potentially expose users to prosecution if the material is considered misleading or destabilizing.The British tourist’s case illustrates how easily visitors unfamiliar with local regulations can find themselves entangled in legal trouble.

In many Western countries, recording and sharing footage of major events including disasters or military incidents is generally protected as a form of citizen journalism. In the UAE, however, such actions can be treated as criminal offenses if authorities believe they threaten public stability.

Diplomatic officials in the United Kingdom are likely monitoring the situation closely, particularly given the large number of British nationals living and working in Dubai.

The emirate hosts an estimated 240,000 British expatriates, making it one of the largest overseas British communities in the world.Many Britons are drawn to Dubai by its lucrative job opportunities, tax-free income policies, and high standard of living. The city’s cosmopolitan culture, luxury shopping districts, and world-class entertainment have also made it a popular holiday destination for British tourists.

However, the ongoing conflict and the government’s strict enforcement of cybercrime laws have raised concerns among expatriates and visitors about what they can safely post onlineAt the same time, a contrasting trend has emerged on social media within the UAE.

Influencers and content creators based in Dubai have increasingly shared posts praising the government and emphasizing the leadership of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai and vice president of the UAE

Many of these posts highlight Dubai’s resilience and portray the city as continuing to function normally despite the attacks. Videos showing luxury hotels, bustling shopping malls, and calm beaches have been widely circulated, often accompanied by messages affirming confidence in the government’s ability to maintain security.

Critics, however, argue that the government’s aggressive control over online narratives risks suppressing legitimate reporting and public discussion during a time of crisis. Human rights advocates have long criticized the UAE’s cybercrime laws for their broad language, which allows authorities considerable discretion in determining what constitutes harmful or destabilizing content.

Supporters of the policy counter that strict information control is necessary to prevent panic and to protect national security during periods of military threat.For the British tourist now facing prosecution, the consequences could be severe.

If convicted, he could receive a prison sentence of up to two years, a penalty that would serve as a stark warning to residents and visitors alike about the boundaries of digital expression in the Emirates.The unfolding case reflects the complex intersection of geopolitics, digital media, and national security in an era when nearly every major event is instantly recorded and shared online.

As missiles continue to fall across parts of the Gulf and governments struggle to manage both physical threats and information flows, the incident in Dubai demonstrates how even a short video clip can become entangled in the broader battle over narratives, security, and global perception.

Writing in the Saudi-based outlet Arab News, Egyptian journalist and analyst Abdellatif El-Menawy said the conflict has exposed the limits of American power, the reach of Israeli military deterrence and Iran’s enduring role in the regional balance, while simultaneously revealing vulnerabilities in the Gulf’s security architecture.

The war, he argued, may prolong the Middle East’s crises rather than produce the stable “new Middle East” often invoked in policy debates.

The United States’ strategic thinking surrounding the conflict reflects an assumption seen during the Iraq war era that weakening a hostile regional power could pave the way for a more favorable political order.

.Under this logic, military pressure on Iran’s leadership and infrastructure was expected either to weaken Tehran to the point of strategic retreat or trigger domestic unrest that could alter the country’s political trajectory.

But Iran’s position in the region extends beyond the structure of its government, he argued. The country has established institutions, a complex social structure and networks of influence across several parts of the Arab world.

Because of those factors, analysts say the collapse or severe weakening of Iran could introduce additional instability rather than immediately stabilize the region.

The war has already expanded beyond limited strikes, with Iranian attacks targeting Israel, U.S. military installations and other strategic locations across the Gulf region, according to the analysis.

The conflict’s effects have also spread into global economic systems, particularly energy markets and maritime shipping routes.

Oil infrastructure across the Gulf has faced rising risks, with key pipelines, refineries and export terminals in countries including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Iraq and Bahrain placed under heightened security pressure as hostilities intensify.

At the same time, the Strait of Hormuz one of the world’s most important maritime chokepoints through which roughly one-fifth of global oil trade passes has come under renewed scrutiny amid the conflict.

Any disruption to shipping through the strait could quickly reverberate through oil prices, insurance markets and international trade flows, analysts note, underscoring the region’s continued strategic significance to the global economy.

The broader implication, is that the Middle East’s geopolitical stability cannot be separated from the vulnerabilities of the global energy system.

The conflict has also raised questions in the Gulf about the long-standing security model built around U.S. military protection.

For decades, American bases in the region were viewed primarily as deterrents against external threats. However, the current conflict has highlighted how those same installations can also become targets during periods of confrontation.

This concern has roots in earlier regional shocks, including the 2019 attack on Saudi oil facilities that temporarily disrupted global oil supply and raised doubts about the effectiveness of external security guarantees.Such developments have already encouraged Gulf states to diversify their diplomatic and strategic relationships.

A notable example came in March 2023, when Saudi Arabia and Iran agreed to restore diplomatic relations in a deal brokered by China. The agreement was widely viewed as part of a broader effort by Gulf states to reduce regional tensions while balancing relations among major global powers.

Despite such diplomatic efforts, the current war has underscored the limits of de-escalation initiatives in a region shaped heavily by geography and military positioning.

As long as U.S. bases remain in the Gulf and Iran perceives those deployments as a strategic threat, regional states will remain exposed to confrontation regardless of their diplomatic preferences, analysts say.

Even if Iran emerges weakened from the conflict, the country is unlikely to disappear from the Middle East’s strategic landscape.

Instead, Tehran may rely more heavily on asymmetric strategies that aim to raise the costs of confrontation for its adversaries.

These strategies could include leveraging maritime chokepoints, economic pressure points and regional alliances to challenge what Tehran views as an American-led security structure.

Iran has historically used such methods as part of a broader deterrence approach that extends beyond conventional military confrontation.The evolving dynamics also raise questions about Israel’s role in the region.

Israel is widely viewed as having demonstrated strong intelligence and airpower capabilities through strikes deep inside Iranian territory. Yet military superiority does not necessarily translate into a stable regional order under Israeli leadership.

Accordingly a weakened Iran could in some ways heighten concerns among Arab states about the emergence of a more assertive Israel.The resulting regional balance may therefore resemble a complex triangular dynamic involving a militarily capable Israel, an injured but resilient Iran and Gulf states with substantial economic resources but growing security uncertainty.

Beyond the Middle East, the conflict also carries wider geopolitical implications.A prolonged confrontation with Iran could absorb American military and diplomatic attention, potentially creating opportunities for rival powers such as Russia and China to expand influence in other regions.

Some analysts have also warned that a shift in U.S. focus toward the Middle East could affect Washington’s ability to manage simultaneous international crises.For now, however, the conflict’s long-term consequences remain uncertain.

While the war has challenged assumptions about the durability of the existing regional order, analysts say it has not yet produced a clear alternative.Instead, the emerging picture is of a Middle East entering a period of greater fluidity, where established security arrangements face new tests and geopolitical alignments continue to evolve.

A spokesperson for the Israeli military did not immediately comment when asked about the Hezbollah statement.

Hezbollah said the clash occurred after Israeli forces conducted an airborne operation in eastern Lebanon, an area where the group maintains a presence. The statement did not provide further details on the scale of the raid or whether there were casualties.

The reported raid comes amid intensifying hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah, which have exchanged attacks since the conflict escalated last week. The war marks one of the most serious confrontations between Israel and the Lebanese armed group in years.

Israeli officials have said the military campaign is aimed at weakening Hezbollah’s operational and financial capabilities.

Separately, the Israeli military said it planned to strike a financial body associated with Hezbollah, according to a statement, underscoring Israel’s effort to disrupt the group’s funding channels as the fighting continues.

Hezbollah, backed by Iran and one of the most heavily armed non-state groups in the Middle East, has long maintained military infrastructure across parts of Lebanon, including areas close to the Israeli border.

The strike marked the first attack within the city limits of Beirut since hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah resumed last week. It came amid continued airstrikes on Beirut’s southern suburbs as well as southern and eastern Lebanon, areas where Israel says militant infrastructure linked to Iran-backed groups is concentrated.

Israel’s military said the operation targeted senior commanders from the Quds Force, the overseas arm of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The military did not publicly identify those killed.

“The commanders of the Quds Force’s Lebanon Corps operated to advance terror attacks against the state of Israel and its civilians, while operating simultaneously for the IRGC in Iran,” the Israeli military said in a statement.

An Israeli military source said the strike targeted five senior Quds Force members involved in intelligence and financial operations connected to Iranian activity in Lebanon.

Lebanon’s health ministry said four people were killed in the drone strike in the capital. The ministry said the cumulative death toll from Israeli strikes across Lebanon since the escalation began has reached 394 people.

The health ministry said those killed include at least 83 children and 42 women. Lebanese authorities do not differentiate in official tallies between civilians and fighters.

The attack in Beirut represents a significant expansion of Israel’s operations, which had previously focused largely on Hezbollah strongholds in southern Lebanon and areas near the Syrian border.

Israel’s military said it has killed approximately 200 Hezbollah militants since the start of the conflict, according to military spokesman Nadav Shoshani, who provided the figure during an online briefing. Hezbollah has not released an official count of its fighters killed.

The Israeli army also reported its first battlefield losses since the war began, announcing on Sunday that two Israeli soldiers had been killed in southern Lebanon.Military officials did not provide details about the circumstances surrounding their deaths.

The latest escalation follows Hezbollah rocket fire into northern Israel earlier in the week, which drew large-scale Israeli airstrikes across Lebanese territory.

Lebanon became directly involved in the broader confrontation between Iran and a U.S.-Israel alliance after Hezbollah, which is backed by Tehran, launched attacks toward Israel on Monday.

Israel responded with extensive bombardment targeting southern and eastern Lebanon and areas near Beirut.

Earlier in the conflict, Israel also carried out a rare airborne raid deep inside Lebanese territory that Lebanese authorities said killed 41 people.

The expansion of Israeli operations into Beirut highlights the widening geographic scope of the conflict as regional tensions linked to Iran continue to intensify